2025 Tax Rates – Single Taxpayers Standard Deduction $15,000

10%

0 to $11,925

12%

$11,925 to $48,475

22%

$48,475 to $103,350

24%

$103,350 to $197,300

32%

$197,300 to $250,525

35%

$250,525 to $626,350

37%

Over $626,350

2025 Tax Rates – Married Jointly & Surviving Spouses Standard Deduction $30,000

10%

0 to $23,850

12%

$23,850 to $96,950

22%

$96,950 to $206,700

24%

$206,700 to $394,600

32%

$394,600 to $501,050

35%

$501,050 to $751,600

37%

Over $751,600

2025 Tax Rates – Married Filing Separately Standard Deduction $15,000

10%

0 to $11,925

12%

$11,925 to $48,475

22%

$48,475 to $103,350

24%

$103,350 to $197,300

32%

$197,300 to $250,525

35%

$250,525 to $375,800

37%

Over $375,800

2025 Tax Rates – Head of Household Standard Deduction $22,500

10%

0 to $17,000

12%

$17,000 to $64,850

22%

$64,850 to $103,350

24%

$103,350 to $197,300

32%

$197,300 to $250,500

35%

$250,500 to $626,350

37%

Over $626,350

2025 Tax Rates – Estates & Trusts

10%

0 to $3,150

24%

$3,150 to $11,450

35%

$11,450 to $15,650

37%

Over $15,650

2025 Social Security

2025 Tax Rates

Social Security Tax Rate: Employers

6.2%

Social Security Tax Rate: Employees

6.2%

Social Security Tax Rate: Self-Employed

12.4%

Maximum earnings subject to Social Security tax

$176,100

Maximum earnings subject to Medicare tax

Unlimited

Medicare Tax Rate: Employers

1.45%

Medicare Tax Rate: Employees

1.45%

Medicare tax rate: Self-employed

2.9%

Additional Medicare tax on FICA wages and self-employment income above $200,000 (single filers) or $250,000 (joint filers)

0.9%

Net investment income tax on taxpayers with modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) exceeding $200,000 (single filers) or $250,000 (joint filers)

3.8%

2025 Miscellaneous

2025 Tax Rates

Business Section 179 expensing limit

$1,250,000

Business Section 179 phaseout threshold

$3,130,000

First-year bonus depreciation rate

40%

Income threshold after which the Section 199A (qualified business income) deduction for pass-through entities may begin to phase out

$197,300 (single and head of household); $394,600 (married filing jointly)

Qualified small-employer Health Reimbursement Arrangement limit

$6,350 (single coverage); $12,800 (family coverage)

Prior-year safe harbor for estimated taxes of higher-income taxpayers 

110% of 2024 tax liability

Standard mileage rate for business driving

70 cents

Standard mileage rate for medical driving

21 cents

Standard mileage rate for moving driving (only members of the Armed Forces on active duty who move because of a permanent change of station)

21 cents

Standard mileage rate for charitable driving

14 cents

Child Tax Credit (per child under age 17 at the end of the tax year)

$2,000

Unearned income maximum for children under 19 before kiddie tax applies

$1,350

Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income up to $48,350 for single filers, $96,700 for married filing jointly

0%

Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income $48,350 to $533,400 for single filers, $96,700 to $600,050 for married filing jointly

15%

Maximum capital gains tax rate for taxpayers with income above $533,400 for single filers, $600,050 for married filing jointly

20%

Capital gains tax rate for unrecaptured Sec. 1250 gains

25%

Capital gains tax rate on collectibles

28%

Maximum contribution for Traditional/Roth IRA

$7,000 if under age 50 / $8,000 if 50 or older

Maximum employee contribution to SIMPLE IRA

$16,500 if under age 50 / $20,000 if 50 or older + $1,750 if age 60, 61, 62 or 63

Maximum contribution to SEP IRA

25% of eligible compensation up to $70,000

2025 Education

2025 Tax Rates

American Opportunity Credit (per student)

$2,500

Lifetime Learning Credit (per return)

$2,000

Student Loan Interest Deduction (per return)

$2,500

Coverdell Education Savings Account Contribution (per student)

$2,000

2025 Standard Meal Rates for Family Child Care Providers for income tax returns

July 1, 2024 – June 30, 2025

For each breakfast

$1.66

For each lunch or supper

$3.15

For each snack (up to 3 per day for each child)

$0.93

July 1, 2024 – June 30, 2025

For each breakfast

$2.66

For each lunch or supper

$5.10

For each snack (up to 3 per day for each child)

$1.52

July 1, 2024 – June 30, 2025

For each breakfast

$2.14

For each lunch or supper

$4.09

For each snack (up to 3 per day for each child)

$1.22

Source: Federal Register